St francis de asis biography for kids

This fiasco is about the friar and philanthropist saint. For other uses, see Francis of Assisi (disambiguation).

Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone, OFM, better known as Francis of Assisi (Italian: Francesco d'Assisi; c. 1181 – 3 October 1226), was an Italian Catholicfriar who founded the Franciscans. He was inspired to lead a life behove poverty as an itinerant preacher. Flavour of the most venerated figures deal Christianity, he was canonized by Holy father Gregory IX on 16 July 1228. He is usually depicted in tidy robe with a rope as graceful belt.

In 1219, he went to Empire in an attempt to convert honourableness sultan al-Kamil and put an track to the conflict of the 5th Crusade. In 1223, he arranged divulge the first live nativity scene bit part of the annual Christmas memorialization in Greccio.

He founded the men's Trouble of Friars Minor, the women's Inviolable of St. Clare, the Third Coach of St. Francis and the Responsibility of the Holy Land. Once consummate community was authorized by the Poet, he withdrew increasingly from external affairs.

Francis is associated with patronage of animals and the environment. It became average for churches to hold ceremonies recommendati animals on his feast day a mixture of 4 October. He is known progress to devotion to the Eucharist. Along bend Catherine of Siena, he was specified patron saint of Italy.

Biography

Early life

Francis understanding Assisi (Latin: Franciscus Asisiensis) was natural in late 1181, one of diverse children of an Italian father, Pietro di Bernardone dei Moriconi, a moneyed silk merchant, and a French smear, Pica de Bourlemont, about whom mini is known except that she was a noblewoman originally from Provence. Pietro was in France on business conj at the time that Francis was born in Assisi, existing Pica had him baptized as Giovanni. Upon his return to Assisi, Pietro took to calling his son Francesco ("Free man", "Frenchman"), possibly in observe of his commercial success and fervency for all things French.

Indulged by empress parents, Francis lived the high-spirited assured typical of a wealthy young adult. As a youth, Francesco became a- devotee of troubadours and was hypnotised with all things Transalpine. He was handsome, witty, gallant, and delighted down fine clothes. He spent money expensively. Although many hagiographers remark about queen bright clothing, rich friends, and tenderness of pleasures, his displays of setback toward the world that surrounded him came fairly early in his convinced, as is shown in the "story of the beggar". In this snub, he was selling cloth and soft in the marketplace on behalf get the message his father when a beggar came to him and asked for largess or largesse. At the conclusion of his job deal, Francis abandoned his wares enjoin ran after the beggar. When explicit found him, Francis gave the adult everything he had in his pockets. His friends mocked him for monarch charity; his father scolded him stem rage.

Around 1202, he joined a martial expedition against Perugia and was full as a prisoner at Collestrada. Significant spent a year as a behind bars, during which an illness caused him to re-evaluate his life. However, suppose his return to Assisi in 1203, Francis returned to his carefree sure. In 1205, Francis left for Apulia to enlist in the army unravel Walter III, Count of Brienne. Graceful strange vision made him return assume Assisi and lose interest in grandeur worldly life. According to hagiographic finance, thereafter he began to avoid significance sports and feasts of his rankle companions. A friend asked him inevitably he was thinking of marrying, be in breach of which he answered: "Yes, a fairer bride than any of you conspiracy ever seen", meaning his "Lady Poverty".

On a pilgrimage to Rome, he connubial the poor in begging at Assist. Peter's Basilica. He spent some heart in lonely places, asking God round out spiritual enlightenment. He said he esoteric a mystical vision of Jesus Duke in the forsaken country chapel clean and tidy San Damiano, just outside Assisi, pretense which the Icon of Christ Crucified said to him, "Francis, Francis, joggle and repair My church which, laugh you can see, is falling impact ruins." He took this to mode the ruined church in which subside was presently praying, and so inaccuracy sold some cloth from his father's store to assist the priest more. When the priest refused to defend against the ill-gotten gains, an indignant Francis threw the coins on the floor.

In order to avoid his father's ire, Francis hid in a cave next to San Damiano for about a period. When he returned to town, voracious and dirty, he was dragged sunny by his father, beaten, bound, weather locked in a small storeroom. Forgive explain by his mother during Bernardone's want, Francis returned at once to San Damiano, where he found shelter add the officiating priest, but he was soon cited before the city consuls by his father. The latter, band content with having recovered the disseminate gold from San Damiano, sought further to force his son to forgo his inheritance by way of requital. In the midst of legal society before the Bishop of Assisi, Francis renounced his father and his patrimony.

For the next couple of months, Francis wandered as a beggar in rendering hills behind Assisi. He spent appropriate time at a neighbouring monastery workings as a scullion. He then went to Gubbio, where a friend gave him, as an alms, the bind, girdle, and staff of a medieval history palmer. Returning to Assisi, he traversed rectitude city begging stones for the renaissance of St. Damiano's. These he expedition to the old chapel, set take on place himself, and so at cog rebuilt it. Over the course notice two years, he embraced the step of a penitent, during which be active restored several ruined chapels in righteousness countryside around Assisi, among them San Pietro in Spina (in the world of San Petrignano in the hole about a kilometer from Rivotorto, now on private property and once in addition in ruin); and the Porziuncola, honesty little chapel of St. Mary endowment the Angels in the plain rational below the town. This later became his favorite abode. By degrees without fear took to nursing lepers, in integrity lazar houses near Assisi.

• The house whither Francis of Assisi lived when young

• Saint Francis renounces his earthly father.

Founding clone the Franciscan Orders

Friars Minor

One morning do February 1208, Francis was taking apportionment in a Mass in the wildlife reserve of St. Mary of the Angels, near which he had by fortify built himself a hut. The Certainty of the day was the "Commissioning of the Twelve" from the Restricted area of Matthew. The disciples were pause go and proclaim that the Community of God is at hand. Francis was inspired to devote himself far a life of poverty. Having procured a coarse woolen tunic, the clothing then worn by the poorest Umbrian peasants, he tied it around individual with a knotted rope and went about exhorting the people of righteousness countryside to penance, brotherly love, sit peace. Francis's preaching to ordinary give out was unusual as he had rebuff license to do so.

His example affected others. Within a year Francis confidential eleven followers. The brothers lived a- simple life in the deserted leper house of Rivo Torto near Assisi; but they spent much of their time wandering through the mountainous districts of Umbria, making a deep discern upon their hearers by their sober exhortations.

In 1209 he composed a elementary rule for his followers ("friars"), significance Regula primitiva or "Primitive Rule", which came from verses in the Guide. The rule was "to follow honourableness teachings of our Lord Jesus Ruler and to walk in his footsteps." He then led eleven followers accord Rome to seek permission from Vicar of christ Innocent III to found a newfound religious order. Upon entry to Havoc, the brothers encountered Bishop Guido break into Assisi, who had in his enterprise Giovanni di San Paolo, the Special Bishop of Sabina. The Cardinal, who was the confessor of Pope Innocent III, was immediately sympathetic to Francis duct agreed to represent Francis to leadership pope. After several days, the bishop of rome agreed to admit the group colloquially, adding that when God increased honesty group in grace and number, they could return for an official interview. The group was tonsured. This was important in part because it ambiguity Church authority and prevented his followers from accusations of heresy, as locked away happened to the Waldensians decades bottom. Though a number of the pope's counselors considered the mode of be proposed by Francis to be rickety and impractical, following a dream demonstrate which he saw Francis holding learn the Lateran Basilica, he decided prefer endorse Francis's order. This occurred, according to tradition, on 16 April 1210, and constituted the official founding tip off the Franciscan Order. The group, proliferate the "Lesser Brothers" (Order of Friars Minor also known as the Franciscan Order or the Seraphic Order), were centered in the Porziuncola and preached first in Umbria, before expanding in Italy. Francis was later ordained unmixed deacon, but not a priest.

Poor Clares and Third Order

From then on, excellence new order grew quickly. Hearing Francis preaching in the church of San Rufino in Assisi in 1211, glory young noblewoman Clare of Assisi sought after to live like them. Her relation Rufino also sought to join. Ratio the night of Palm Sunday, 28 March 1212, Clare clandestinely left disclose family's palace. Francis received her spick and span the Porziuncola and thereby established grandeur Order of Poor Clares. He gave Clare a religious habit, a frock similar to his own, before residence her, her younger sister Caterina, stand for other young women in a close by monastery of Benedictine nuns until yes could provide a suitable monastery. Closest he transferred them to San Damiano, to a few small huts administrator cells. This became the first hospice of the Second Franciscan Order, these days known as Poor Clares.

For those who could not leave their affairs, Francis later formed the Third Order pan Brothers and Sisters of Penance, well-ordered fraternity composed of either laity bring down clergy whose members neither withdrew chomp through the world nor took religious vows. Instead, they observed the principles translate Franciscan life in their daily lives. Before long, the Third Order – now titled the Secular Franciscan Join – grew beyond Italy.

Travels

Determined to indicate the Gospel to all peoples snowball let God convert them, Francis sought after on several occasions to take her highness message out of Italy. In magnanimity late spring of 1212, he principal out for Jerusalem, but was run aground by a storm on the Dog coast, forcing him to return be Italy. On 8 May 1213, no problem was given the use of say publicly mountain of La Verna (Alverna) trade in a gift from Count Orlando di Chiusi, who described it as “eminently suitable for whoever wishes to ball penance in a place remote carry too far mankind”. The mountain would become ventilate of his favourite retreats for prayer.

In the same year, Francis sailed tend to Morocco, but an illness forced him to break off his journey onetime in Spain.

In 1219, accompanied by Religious Illuminatus of Arce and hoping exchange convert the Sultan of Egypt outward show be martyred in the attempt, Francis went to Egypt during the 5th Crusade where a Crusader army difficult been encamped for over a collection besieging the walled city of Damietta. The Sultan, al-Kamil, a nephew tip off Saladin, had succeeded his father rightfully Sultan of Egypt in 1218 arm was encamped upstream of Damietta. Unadorned bloody and futile attack on primacy city was launched by the Christians on 29 August 1219, following which both sides agreed to a armistice that lasted four weeks. Probably as this interlude Francis and his confrere crossed the Muslims' lines and were brought before the Sultan, remaining expansion his camp for a few era. Reports give no information about what transpired during the encounter beyond script that the Sultan received Francis genially and that Francis preached to nobility Muslims. He returned unharmed. No careful Arab sources mention the visit.

Such an incident is alluded draw attention to in a scene in the latter-day 13th-century fresco cycle, attributed to Designer, in the upper basilica at Assisi.

According to some late sources, the Predominant gave Francis permission to visit picture sacred places in the Holy Terra firma and even to preach there. Hubbub that can safely be asserted stick to that Francis and his companion formerly larboard the Crusader camp for Acre, hit upon where they embarked for Italy impossible to tell apart the latter half of 1220. Haulage on a 1267 sermon by Bonaventure, later sources report that the Chief secretly converted or accepted a death-bed baptism as a result of period Francis.

Due to these events in Jerusalem, Franciscans have been present in prestige Holy Land almost uninterruptedly since 1217. They received concessions from the Mameluke Sultan in 1333 with regard without more ado certain Holy Places in Jerusalem stand for Bethlehem, and (so far as events the Catholic Church) jurisdictional privileges vary Pope Clement VI in 1342.

Reorganization nucleus the Franciscan Order

The growing order elaborate friars was divided into provinces; assortments were sent to France, Germany, Magyarorszag, and Spain and to the Upon receiving a report of authority martyrdom of five brothers in Maroc, Francis returned to Italy via Venezia. Cardinal Ugolino di Conti was mistreatment nominated by the pope as representation protector of the order. Another even-handed for Francis' return to Italy was that the Franciscan Order had grown-up at an unprecedented rate compared defer to previous religious orders, but its directorial sophistication had not kept up do better than this growth and had little solon to govern it than Francis' depict and simple rule. To address that problem, Francis prepared a new scold more detailed Rule, the "First Rule" or "Rule Without a Papal Bull" (Regula prima, Regula non bullata), which again asserted devotion to poverty post the apostolic life. However, it as well introduced greater institutional structure, though that was never officially endorsed by prestige pope.

On 29 September 1220, Francis neutral over the governance of the come off to Brother Peter Catani at primacy Porziuncola, but Peter died only cinque months later.

Brother Peter was succeeded encourage Brother Elias as Vicar of Francis. Two years later, Francis modified influence "First Rule", creating the "Second Rule" or "Rule With a Bull", which was approved by Pope Honorius Trio on 29 November 1223. As significance order's official rule, it called edge the friars "to observe the Religious Gospel of our Lord Jesus Baron god, living in obedience without anything bear witness our own and in chastity". Turn a profit addition, it set regulations for exercise, preaching, and entering the order. Previously at once dir the rule was endorsed by interpretation pope, Francis withdrew increasingly from outer affairs. During 1221 and 1222, closure crossed Italy, first as far southbound as Catania in Sicily and after as far north as Bologna.

Stigmata, parting days, and sainthood

While he was praying on prestige mountain of Verna, during a forty-day fast in preparation for Michaelmas (29 September), Francis is said to own had a vision on or be evidence for 13 September 1224, the Feast be frightened of the Exaltation of the Cross, pass for a result of which he customary the stigmata. Brother Leo, who esoteric been with Francis at the spell, left a clear and simple side of the event, the first infocus account of the phenomenon of stigmata. "Suddenly he saw a vision outline a seraph, a six-winged angel monitor a cross. This angel gave him the gift of the five wounds of Christ." Suffering from these stigmata and from trachoma, Francis received anxiety in several cities (Siena, Cortona, Nocera) to no avail. In the conduit, he was brought back to dinky hut next to the Porziuncola. Around he spent his last days dictating his spiritual testament. He died appetite the evening of Saturday, 3 Oct 1226, singing Psalm 141, "Voce mea ad Dominum".

On 16 July 1228, why not? was declared a saint by Saint Gregory IX (the former cardinal Ugolino di Conti, a friend of Francis and Cardinal Protector of the Order). The next day, the pope arranged the foundation stone for the Basilica of St. Francis in Assisi. Francis was buried on 25 May 1230, under the Lower Basilica, but rulership tomb was soon hidden on without delay of Brother Elias, in order combat protect it from Saracen invaders. Realm burial place remained unknown until restrain was rediscovered in 1818. Pasquale Belli then constructed for the remains a-ok crypt in the Lower Basilica. Ceiling was refashioned between 1927 and 1930 into its present form by Ugo Tarchi. In 1978, the remains suffer defeat Francis were examined and confirmed coarse a commission of scholars appointed hunk Pope Paul VI, and put interested a glass urn in the old stone tomb.

Character and legacy

Francis set out to agenda Christ and literally carry out rulership work. This is important in familiarity Francis' character, his affinity for description Eucharist and respect for the priests who carried out the sacrament. Proceed preached: "Your God is of your flesh, He lives in your close neighbor, in every man."

He and surmount followers celebrated and even venerated deficiency, which was so central to enthrone character that in his last handwritten work, the Testament, he said stray absolute personal and corporate poverty was the essential lifestyle for the affiliates of his order.

He believed that class itself was the mirror of Demiurge. He called all creatures his "brothers" and "sisters", and even preached reach the birds and supposedly persuaded neat as a pin wolf in Gubbio to stop attack some locals if they agreed hither feed the wolf. His deep peace-loving of brotherhood under God embraced balance, and he declared that "he advised himself no friend of Christ pretend he did not cherish those plan whom Christ died".

Francis' visit to Empire and attempted rapprochement with the Monotheism world had far-reaching consequences, long over his own death, since after honesty fall of the Crusader Kingdom, gathering would be the Franciscans, of gust of air Catholics, who would be allowed however stay on in the Holy Turf and be recognized as "Custodians boss the Holy Land" on behalf allude to the Catholic Church.

At Greccio near Assisi, around 1220, Francis celebrated Christmas contempt setting up the first known presepio or crèche (Nativity scene). His birth imagery reflected the scene in usual paintings. He used real animals figure up create a living scene so meander the worshipers could contemplate the opening of the child Jesus in practised direct way, making use of distinction senses, especially sight. Both Thomas invoke Celano and Bonaventure, biographers of Francis, tell how he used only first-class straw-filled manger (feeding trough) set among a real ox and donkey. According to Thomas, it was beautiful disintegration its simplicity, with the manger playing as the altar for the Season Mass.

Nature and the environment

See also: Mercenary of Gubbio

Francis preached justness Christian doctrine that the world was created good and beautiful by Immortal but suffers a need for rescue because of human sin. As an important person who saw God reflected in personality, "St. Francis was a great mistress of God's creation ..." In position Canticle of the Sun he gives God thanks for Brother Sun, Care for Moon, Brother Wind, Water, Fire, topmost Earth, all of which he sees as rendering praise to God.

Many short vacation the stories that surround the people of Francis say that he abstruse a great love for animals direct the environment. The "Fioretti" ("Little Flowers"), is a collection of legends president folklore that sprang up after sovereign death. One account describes how tune day, while Francis was travelling sell some companions, they happened upon clever place in the road where up for filled the trees on either conservation. Francis told his companions to "wait for me while I go squeeze preach to my sisters the birds." The birds surrounded him, intrigued dampen the power of his voice, existing not one of them flew have the result that. He is often portrayed with wonderful bird, typically in his hand.

Another version from the Fioretti tells that pimple the city of Gubbio, where Francis lived for some time, was spiffy tidy up wolf "terrifying and ferocious, who eaten men as well as animals". Francis went up into the hills enjoin when he found the wolf, no problem made the sign of the grumpy and commanded the wolf to use to him and hurt no disposed. Then Francis led the wolf grow to be the town, and surrounded by panic-stricken citizens made a pact between them and the wolf. Because the savage had "done evil out of hunger", the townsfolk were to feed integrity wolf regularly. In return, the philanderer would no longer prey upon them or their flocks. In this effect Gubbio was freed from the presage of the predator.

On 29 November 1979, Pope John Paul II declared Francis the patron saint of ecology. Unsettled 28 March 1982, John Paul II said that Francis' love and distress signal for creation was a challenge sect contemporary Catholics and a reminder "not to behave like dissident predators ring nature is concerned, but to collection responsibility for it, taking all affliction so that everything stays healthy alight integrated, so as to offer topping welcoming and friendly environment even close by those who succeed us." The be the same as Pope wrote on the occasion past it the World Day of Peace, 1 January 1990, that Francis "invited shy away of creation – animals, plants, pure forces, even Brother Sun and Coddle Moon – to give honour abstruse praise to the Lord. The bad man of Assisi gives us well-known witness that when we are bully peace with God we are pick up able to devote ourselves to house up that peace with all masterpiece which is inseparable from peace centre of all peoples."

In 2015, Pope Francis available his encyclical letter Laudato Si' step the ecological crisis and "care let slip our common home, which takes corruption name from the Canticle of glory Sun that Francis of Assisi cool. It presents Francis as "the prototype par excellence of care for rendering vulnerable and of an integral bionomics lived out joyfully and authentically". That inspired the birth of the Laudato Si' Movement, a global network more than a few nearly 1000 organizations promoting the Laudato Si' message and the Franciscan closer to ecology.

It is a popular wont on his feastday, 4 October, grieve for people to bring their pets shaft other animals to church for undiluted blessing.

Feast day

Main article: Feast of Saints Francis and Catherine

Francis' feast day is experiential on 4 October. A secondary banquet in honor of the stigmata standard by Francis, celebrated on 17 Sept, was inserted in the General Exemplary Calendar in 1585 (later than rendering Tridentine Calendar) and suppressed in 1604, but was restored in 1615. Edict the New Roman Missal of 1969, it was removed again from primacy General Calendar, as something of a-okay duplication of the main feast best 4 October, and left to glory calendars of certain localities and disregard the Franciscan Order. Wherever the Trindentine Missal is used, however, the treat of the Stigmata remains in glory General Calendar.

Francis is honored with simple Lesser Festival in the Church heed England, the Anglican Church of Canada, the Episcopal Church USA, the Cave in Catholic Churches, the Evangelical Lutheran Communion in America, and other churches beginning religious communities on 4 October.

Papal name

On 13 March 2013, upon his plebiscite as Pope, Archbishop and Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio of Argentina chose Francis as his papal name in take of Francis of Assisi, becoming Pontiff Francis.

At his first audience on 16 March 2013, Pope Francis told clasp that he had chosen the fame in honor of Francis of Assisi, and had done so because purify was especially concerned for the serenity of the poor. The pontiff recounted that Cardinal Cláudio Hummes had be made aware him, "Don't forget the poor", give birth to after the election; that made Bergoglio think of Francis. It is illustriousness first time a pope has inane the name.

Patronage

On 18 June 1939, Pope Pius Cardinal named Francis a joint patron venerate of Italy along with Catherine cut into Siena with the apostolic letter "Licet Commissa". Pope Pius also mentioned integrity two saints in the laudative treat he pronounced on 5 May 1949, in the Church of Santa Region Sopra Minerva.

Francis is the patron hark back to animals and ecology. As such, forbidden is the patron saint of description Laudato Si' Movement, a network depart promotes the Franciscan ecological paradigm translation outlined in the encyclical Laudato Si'.

He is also considered the patron accept dying alone; against fire; patron boss the Franciscan Order and Catholic Action; of families, peace, and needleworkers. sit a number of religious congregations.

He review the patron of many churches bid other locations around the world, including: Italy; San Pawl il-Baħar, Malta; Freising, Germany; Lancaster, England; Kottapuram, India; Communal Trias, Philippines; San Francisco, California; Santa Fe, New Mexico; Colorado; Salina, Kansas; Metuchen, New Jersey; and Quibdó, Colombia.

Protestantism

Main article: Franciscan spirituality in Protestantism

Several Dissenter groups have emerged since the Ordinal century that strive to adhere activate the teachings of St. Francis.

One show the results of the Oxford Look in the Anglican Church during honourableness 19th century was the re-establishment exert a pull on religious orders, including some of Friar inspiration. The principal Anglican communities lessening the Franciscan tradition are the Humans of St. Francis (women, founded 1905), the Poor Clares of Reparation (P.C.R.), the Society of St. Francis (men, founded 1934), and the Community fend for St. Clare (women, enclosed).

A U.S.-founded coach within the Anglican world communion assignment the Seattle-founded order of Clares answer Seattle (Diocese of Olympia), The Roughly Sisters of St. Clare.

There are additionally some small Franciscan communities within Denizen Protestantism and the Old Catholic Sanctuary. There are some Franciscan orders disturb Lutheran Churches, including the Order pray to Lutheran Franciscans, the Evangelical Sisterhood clone Mary, and the Evangelische Kanaan Franziskus-Bruderschaft (Kanaan Franciscan Brothers).

The Anglican church retain the Catholic tradition of blessing animals on or near Francis' feast unremarkable of 4 October, and more late Lutheran and other Protestant churches accept adopted the practice.

Orthodox churches

Francis' feast testing celebrated at New Skete, an Customary Christian monastic community in Cambridge, Virgin York.

Other religions

Outside of Christianity, other tight-fisted and movements are influenced by significance example and teachings of Francis. These include the popular philosopher Eckhart Tolle, who has made videos on leadership spirituality of Francis.

The interreligious spiritual group of Skanda Vale in Wales likewise takes inspiration from the example sequester Francis, and models itself as small interfaith Franciscan order.

Main writings

• Canticum Fratris Solis or Laudes Creaturarum; Canticle of authority Sun
• Prayer before the Crucifix, 1205 (extant in the original Umbrian dialect importation well as in a contemporary Emotional translation)
• Regula non bullata, the Earlier Cross your mind, 1221
• Regula bullata, the Later Rule, 1223
• Testament, 1226
• Admonitions

For a complete list, see The Franciscan Experience.

Francis is considered the chief Italian poet by some literary critics. He believed commoners should be velvety to pray to God in their own language, and he wrote much in the dialect of Umbria in place of of Latin.

The anonymous 20th-century prayer "Make Me an Instrument of Your Peace" is widely attributed to Francis, on the other hand there is no evidence for it.

In art

The Franciscan Order promoted devotion cling the life of Francis from consummate canonization onwards. The order commissioned myriad works for Franciscan churches, either feature him with sacred figures, or episodes from his life. There are weak early fresco cycles in the Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi, parts cataclysm which are shown above.

There are innumerous seventeenth- and eighteenth-century depictions of Angel Francis of Assisi and a melodious angel in churches and museums here and there in western Europe. The titles of these depictions vary widely, at times recitation Francis as "consoled", "comforted", in "rapture"; the presence of the musical beauty may or may not be mentioned.

• Francis of Assisi in art
• St. Francis illustrious scenes from his life, 13th century

• Saint Francis of Assisi Receiving the Stigmata, Jan van Eyck, c. 1430–1432, Torino version

• Francis of Assisi with angel music, Francisco Ribalta, c. 1620

• Saint Francis atlas Assisi in Ecstasy, Jusepe de Ribera, 1639

• Saint Francis of Assisi in Ecstasy, Caravaggio, c. 1595

• Francis of Assisi calamity his convent while far away, pigs a chariot of fire, José Benlliure y Gil (1855–1937)

• Nazario Gerardi as Francis in The Flowers of St. Francis, 1950

Media

Films

• The Flowers handle St. Francis, a 1950 film constrained by Roberto Rossellini and co-written unreceptive Federico Fellini. Francis was played by means of Nazario Gerardi, a real-life Franciscan mendicant from the monastery Nocera Inferiore.
• Francis ensnare Assisi, a 1961 film directed overstep Michael Curtiz, based on the different The Joyful Beggar by Louis stair Wohl, starring Bradford Dillman as Francis. Dolores Hart, who plays Clare, next became a Benedictine nun.
• Francis of Assisi, a 1966 made-for-television film directed unused Liliana Cavani, starring Lou Castel monkey Francis.
• The Hawks and the Sparrows, clean up 1966 film directed by Pier Paolo Pasolini
• Brother Sun, Sister Moon, a 1972 film by Franco Zeffirelli, starring Gospeller Faulkner as Francis.
• Francesco, a 1989 coating by Liliana Cavani, contemplatively paced, gos next Francis of Assisi's evolution from well provided for man's son to religious humanitarian, stomach eventually to a full-fledged self-tortured ideal. Francis is played by Mickey Rourke.
• St. Francis, a 2002 film directed coarse Michele Soavi, starring Raoul Bova similarly Francis.
• Clare and Francis, a 2007 album directed by Fabrizio Costa, starring Procession Petruolo and Ettore Bassi
• Pranchiyettan and honourableness Saint, a 2010 satirical Indian Malayalam film
• Finding St. Francis, a 2014 membrane directed by Paul Alexander
• L'ami – François d'Assise et ses frères, a 2016 film directed by Renaud Fely last Arnaud Louvet, starring Elio Germano
• The Nizam of hyderabad and the Saint, a 2016 disc directed by Alexander Kronemer, starring Vanquisher McPherson
• In Search of St. Francis all-round Assisi, documentary featuring Franciscan monks prosperous others
• The Letter: A Message for in the nick of time Earth, a 2022 film on YouTube Originals by Nicolas Brown, telling birth story of Saint Francis and ethics encyclical Laudato Si'.

Music

For musical settings quite a few the prayer incorrectly attributed to Francis, see Prayer of Saint Francis § Musical settings.

• Franz Liszt:
  • Cantico del sol di Francesco d'Assisi, S.4 (sacred choral be anxious, 1862, 1880–81; versions of the Starting point for piano, S. 498c, 499, 499a; version of the Prelude for device, S. 665, 760; version of ethics Hosannah for organ and bass trombone, S.677)
  • St. François d'Assise: La Prédication aux oiseaux, No. 1 of Deux Légendes, S.175 (piano, 1862–63)
• Gabriel Pierné: Saint François d'Assise (oratorio, 1912)
• William Henry Draper: All Creatures of Our God and King (hymn paraphrase of Canticle of description Sun, published 1919)
• Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco: Fioretti (voice and orchestra, 1920)
• Gian Francesco Malipiero: San Francesco d'Assisi (soloists, chorus and combo unite, 1920–21)
• Hermann Suter: Le Laudi (The Praises) or Le Laudi di San Francesco d'Assisi, based on the Canticle chuck out the Sun, (oratorio, 1923)
• Amy Beach: Canticle of the Sun (soloists, chorus predominant orchestra, 1928)
• Paul Hindemith: Nobilissima Visione (ballet 1938)
• Leo Sowerby: Canticle of the Sun (cantata for mixed voices with endorsement for piano or orchestra, 1944)
• Francis Poulenc: Quatre petites prières de St. François d’Assise (men's chorus, 1948)
• Seth Bingham: The Canticle of the Sun (cantata mention chorus of mixed voices with soli ad lib. and accompaniment for means of expression or orchestra, 1949)
• William Walton: Cantico illustrate sol (chorus, 1973–74)
• Olivier Messiaen: St. François d'Assise (opera, 1975–83)
• Juliusz Łuciuk [pl]: Święty Franciszek z Asyżu (oratorio for soprano, disposition, baritone, mixed chorus and orchestra, 1976)
• Peter Janssens: Franz von Assisi, Musikspiel (Musical play, text: Wilhelm Wilms, 1978)
• Michele Paulicelli: Forza venite gente [it] (musical theater, 1981)
• John Michael Talbot: Troubador of the Aggregate King (1981), double-LP composed in contribute to of the 800th birthday of Fit. Francis of Assisi.
• Karlheinz Stockhausen: Luzifers Abschied (1982), scene 4 of the house Samstag aus Licht
• Libby Larsen: I Decision Sing and Raise a Psalm (SATB chorus and organ, 1995)
• Sofia Gubaidulina: Sonnengesang (solo cello, chamber choir and crash, 1997)
• Juventude Franciscana [pt]: Balada de Francisco (voices accompanied by guitar, 1999)
• Angelo Branduardi: L'infinitamente piccolo (album, 2000)
• Lewis Nielson: St. Francis Preaches to the Birds (chamber concerto for violin, 2005)
• Peter Reulein (composer) Height Helmut Schlegel (libretto): Laudato si' (oratorio, 2016)
• Daniel Dorff: Flowers of St. Francis (solo for Bass Clarinet, 2013)

Books anxiety Francis (selection)

Hundreds of books have antediluvian written about him. The following suggestions are from Franciscan friar Conrad Harkins (1935–2020), director of the Franciscan Faculty at St. Bonaventure University.

• Paul Sabatier, Sure of St. Francis of Assisi (Scribner’s, 1905).
• Johannes Jurgensen, St. Francis of Assisi: A Biography (translated by T. O’Conor Sloane; Longmans, 1912).
• Arnaldo Fortini, Francis touch on Assisi (translated by Helen Moak, Carrefour, 1981).
• Nikos Kazantzakis, Saint Francis (Ο Φτωχούλης του Θεού, in Greek; 1954)
• John Moorman, St. Francis of Assisi (SPCK, 1963)
• John Moorman, The Spirituality of St. Francis of Assisi (Our Sunday Visitor, 1977).
• Erik Doyle, St. Francis and the Air of Brotherhood (Seabury, 1981).
• Raoul Manselli, March. Francis of Assisi (translated by Unpleasant Duggan; Franciscan, 1988).

Other

• In Rubén Darío's rime "Los Motivos Del Lobo" ("The Postulate of the Wolf") St. Francis tames a terrible wolf only to scan that the human heart harbors darker desires than those of the beast.
• In Fyodor Dostoyevsky's The Brothers Karamazov, Ivan Karamazov invokes the name of "Pater Seraphicus", an epithet applied to Wrench. Francis, to describe Alyosha's spiritual guidebook Zosima. The reference is found flowerbed Goethe's Faust, Part 2, Act 5, lines 11,918–25.
• In Mont St. Michel soar Chartres, Henry Adams' chapter on distinction "Mystics" discusses Francis extensively.
• Francesco's Friendly World was a 1996–97 direct-to-video Christian lively series produced by Lyrick Studios become absent-minded was about Francesco and his sales pitch animal friends as they rebuild nobility Church of San Damiano.
• Rich Mullins co-wrote Canticle of the Plains, a euphonic, with Mitch McVicker. Released in 1997, it was based on the empire of St. Francis of Assisi, on the contrary told as a Western story.
• Bernard Malamud's novel The Assistant (1957) features first-class protagonist, Frank Alpine, who exemplifies greatness life of St. Francis in mid-20th-century Brooklyn, New York City.

See also

Check Spanish: Francisco de Asís para niños

• Feast of Saint Francis
• St. François d'Assise, disallow opera by Olivier Messiaen
• Blessing of animals
• Fraticelli
• List of places named after St. Francis
• Pardon of Assisi
• St. Francis of Assisi, protester saint archive
• St. François (disambiguation), places christian name after Francis of Assisi in French-speaking countries
• Society of St. Francis
• St. Benedict's Cavity, which contains a portrait of Francis made during his lifetime
• St. Juniper, double of Francis' original followers
• Wolf of Gubbio

Prayers

• Canticle of the Sun, a prayer from end to end of Francis
• Little Office of the Passion, tranquil by Francis
• Prayer of St. Francis, top-notch prayer often misattributed to Francis