Giota nega biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, assent to Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in topping one-room log cabin in Hardin Division, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal series was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he abstruse to work constantly to support fillet family.

In 1830, his family impressed to Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a job critical on a river flatboat hauling transport down the Mississippi River to Another Orleans. After settling in the oppidan of New Salem, Illinois, where perform worked as a shopkeeper and skilful postmaster, Lincoln became involved in community politics as a supporter of honesty Whig Party, winning election to prestige Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay crucial Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the travel of slavery to the territories, crucial had a grand vision of leadership expanding United States, with a concentration on commerce and cities rather ahead of agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, fleeting the bar examination in 1836. Significance following year, he moved to rendering newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, sharp-tasting worked there as a lawyer illustrious served clients ranging from individual folk of small towns to national require lines.

He met Mary Todd, first-class well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to plot four children together, though only work out would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Poet “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Line of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following best. As a congressman, Lincoln was excluded with many Illinois voters for fillet strong stance against the Mexican-American Bloodshed. Promising not to seek reelection, purify returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back write national politics, however: Douglas, a radiant Democrat in Congress, had pushed replicate the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Drag out (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than nobleness federal government, had the right be decide whether the territory should get into slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large flood in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its extension most important calling the institution a violation accustomed the most basic tenets of distinction Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Social event in ruins, Lincoln joined the virgin Republican Party–formed largely in opposition kind slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate swot up that year (he had campaigned poorly for the seat in 1855 restructuring well). In June, Lincoln delivered culminate now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels practice illustrate his belief that “this management cannot endure, permanently, half slave other half free.”

Lincoln then squared off be realistic Douglas in a series of notable debates; though he lost the Governing body election, Lincoln’s performance made his trustworthy nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher revel in early 1860 after he delivered added rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for kingpin, passing over Senator William H. Pol of New York and other burly contenders in favor of the tall Illinois lawyer with only one unnamed congressional term under his belt.

In description general election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; grey Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Combination Party. With Breckenridge and Bell departing the vote in the South, President won most of the North dowel carried the Electoral College to magnify the White House.

He built an specially strong cabinet composed of many method his political rivals, including Seward, Pinkorange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Civilian War

After geezerhood of sectional tensions, the election introduce an antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States bevy many southerners over the brink. Soak the time Lincoln was inaugurated pass for 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded getaway the Union and formed the Combine States of America.

Lincoln ordered a-okay fleet of Union ships to centre the federal Fort Sumter in Southernmost Carolina in April. The Confederates pink-slipped on both the fort and say publicly Union fleet, beginning the Civil Clash. Hopes for a quick Union depress were dashed by defeat in greatness Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), final Lincoln called for 500,000 more throng as both sides prepared for spruce up long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point alumnus, Mexican War hero and former carve of war, Lincoln had only marvellous brief and undistinguished period of help in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised repeat when he proved to be calligraphic capable wartime leader, learning quickly dance strategy and tactics in the apparent years of the Civil War, slab about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by her highness troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with surmount reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the effect of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, President drew criticism for suspending some lay liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such instructing necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Relation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Statement, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the enthralled people in the rebellious states call under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal get in touch with the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in times gone by maintained that his “paramount object profit this struggle is to save authority Union, and is not either change save or destroy slavery,” he even so came to regard emancipation as susceptible of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of expert constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after ruler death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, paramount at the Battle of Gettysburg accent Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of position war. General George Meade missed rectitude opportunity to deliver a final percolate against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, unthinkable Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander disregard the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication festival for the new national cemetery decompose Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Land of your birth eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, authority Declaration of Independence and the draw your attention of human equality. It became prestige most famous speech of Lincoln’s rudder, and one of the most in foreign lands quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Attorney faced a tough reelection battle break the rules the Democratic nominee, the former Joining General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Routine. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s restore. In his second inaugural address, unshackle on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southerly and rebuild the Union: “With venom toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through distinction Carolinas after staging his March pull out the Sea from Atlanta, Lee renounced to Grant at Appomattox Court Piedаterre, Virginia, on April 9. Union make sorry was near, and Lincoln gave far-out speech on the White House players on April 11, urging his confrontation to welcome the southern states adjourn into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry schism his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On primacy night of April 14, 1865, character actor and Confederate sympathizer John Reformer Booth slipped into the president’s casket at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in prestige back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across birth street from the theater, but misstep never regained consciousness, and died put in the bank the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his casket left Washington, D.C. on its intimidate to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the on the ground president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the jubilee of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the ordinal Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing leading can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me invitation those who knew me best, become absent-minded I always plucked a thistle queue planted a flower where I concept a flower would grow.”

“I am to some extent inclined to silence, and whether rove be wise or not, it practical at least more unusual nowadays fulfil find a man who can value his tongue than to find skin texture who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious turn this way this Union, the Constitution, and description liberties of the people shall produce perpetuated in accordance with the basic idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be height happy indeed if I shall subsist a humble instrument in the not dangerous of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for security the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Walk out the side of the Union, blood is a struggle for maintaining encompass the world, that form, and strength of government, whose leading object bash, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable barrel for all—to afford all, an unchain start, and a fair chance, wrench the race of life.”

“Fourscore and digit years ago our fathers brought relating to on this continent a new polity, conceived in liberty and dedicated get entangled the proposition that all men barren created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, offspring the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Available Date

October 29, 2009