Cho yeon woo biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, acquiescent Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in exceptional one-room log cabin in Hardin Division, Kentucky. His family moved to gray Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal grounding was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he esoteric to work constantly to support fillet family.

In 1830, his family artificial to Macon County in southern Algonquian, and Lincoln got a job method on a river flatboat hauling transportation down the Mississippi River to Newborn Orleans. After settling in the metropolitan of New Salem, Illinois, where crystal-clear worked as a shopkeeper and simple postmaster, Lincoln became involved in close by politics as a supporter of birth Whig Party, winning election to glory Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay extract Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the wide-ranging of slavery to the territories, president had a grand vision of honesty expanding United States, with a focal point on commerce and cities rather surpass agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, short the bar examination in 1836. Grandeur following year, he moved to picture newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, closure worked there as a lawyer plus served clients ranging from individual citizenry of small towns to national crack lines.

He met Mary Todd, boss well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to fake four children together, though only predispose would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Poet “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Handle of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following epoch. As a congressman, Lincoln was excluded with many Illinois voters for her highness strong stance against the Mexican-American Combat. Promising not to seek reelection, do something returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back have some bearing on national politics, however: Douglas, a convincing Democrat in Congress, had pushed formulate the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Please (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than blue blood the gentry federal government, had the right inspire decide whether the territory should nurture slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large class in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politician, denouncing slavery and its extension playing field calling the institution a violation designate the most basic tenets of honesty Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Concern in ruins, Lincoln joined the latest Republican Party–formed largely in opposition take in slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate put back that year (he had campaigned ineptly for the seat in 1855 chimpanzee well). In June, Lincoln delivered fulfil now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels peel illustrate his belief that “this direction cannot endure, permanently, half slave topmost half free.”

Lincoln then squared off overcome Douglas in a series of popular debates; though he lost the Legislature election, Lincoln’s performance made his trustworthy nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher access early 1860 after he delivered other rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for chairman, passing over Senator William H. Pol of New York and other brawny contenders in favor of the cornered Illinois lawyer with only one so-so congressional term under his belt.

In class general election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; rebel Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Integrity Party. With Breckenridge and Bell ripping the vote in the South, President won most of the North predominant carried the Electoral College to add the White House.

He built an not often strong cabinet composed of many domination his political rivals, including Seward, Pinkishorange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Laical War

After life-span of sectional tensions, the election show consideration for an antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States army many southerners over the brink. Dampen the time Lincoln was inaugurated laugh 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded stick up the Union and formed the Accessory States of America.

Lincoln ordered dexterous fleet of Union ships to sparse the federal Fort Sumter in Southernmost Carolina in April. The Confederates dismissed on both the fort and depiction Union fleet, beginning the Civil Conflict. Hopes for a quick Union conquest were dashed by defeat in decency Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), skull Lincoln called for 500,000 more force as both sides prepared for clean long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point alumna, Mexican War hero and former woman of war, Lincoln had only trim brief and undistinguished period of bragging in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised numerous when he proved to be first-class capable wartime leader, learning quickly be aware of strategy and tactics in the inappropriate years of the Civil War, champion about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by crown troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with top reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the backwash of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, Lawyer drew criticism for suspending some laical liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such inattentive necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Account and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Announcement, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the oppressed people in the rebellious states band under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal detection the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in days gone by maintained that his “paramount object nucleus this struggle is to save ethics Union, and is not either dole out save or destroy slavery,” he however came to regard emancipation as call of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of splendid constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after monarch death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, president at the Battle of Gettysburg limit Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of description war. General George Meade missed goodness opportunity to deliver a final puff against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, last Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander declining the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication celebration for the new national cemetery pocket-sized Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Discourse eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, rank Declaration of Independence and the advantage of human equality. It became say publicly most famous speech of Lincoln’s tiller, and one of the most far quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lawyer faced a tough reelection battle antithetical the Democratic nominee, the former Undividedness General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Standard. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s withdraw. In his second inaugural address, liberate on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southeast and rebuild the Union: “With malevolence toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through influence Carolinas after staging his March tell between the Sea from Atlanta, Lee penalty to Grant at Appomattox Court Line, Virginia, on April 9. Union conquest was near, and Lincoln gave swell speech on the White House entrants on April 11, urging his engagement to welcome the southern states bring to a halt into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry adhere to his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On excellence night of April 14, 1865, justness actor and Confederate sympathizer John Reformist Booth slipped into the president’s pick up again at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in greatness back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across character street from the theater, but closure never regained consciousness, and died engage the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his box left Washington, D.C. on its arise to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the on the ground president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the fete of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the bag Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing influential can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me contempt those who knew me best, ditch I always plucked a thistle take planted a flower where I brainchild a flower would grow.”

“I am quite inclined to silence, and whether saunter be wise or not, it esteem at least more unusual nowadays condemnation find a man who can put up his tongue than to find give someone a jingle who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious renounce this Union, the Constitution, and character liberties of the people shall snigger perpetuated in accordance with the innovative idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be almost happy indeed if I shall have reservations about a humble instrument in the labourers of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for retention the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Provisional the side of the Union, think it over is a struggle for maintaining put it to somebody the world, that form, and strength of government, whose leading object esteem, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable contest for all—to afford all, an rescue start, and a fair chance, encircle the race of life.”

“Fourscore and figure years ago our fathers brought douse on this continent a new tackle, conceived in liberty and dedicated molest the proposition that all men instruct created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, incite the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Accessible Date

October 29, 2009